Introduction
India has been known since ancient times for its unique arts and crafts. Different types of hand-printing techniques are used in this country between people of different customs and culture. Printed one of the most common forms of hand - block printing by hand. This art of printing, in use since ancient times, but nowadays it is found in major cities in India and also dressed in hand-block printing will be exported to different countriesaround the world.
The most important centers in India were in block print on a large scale is as follows: -
- Gujarat (Surat, Ahmedabad, Sanganer, Pethapur).
- Rajasthan (bagru).
- Andhra Pradesh.
- Uttar Pradesh (Farukhabad).
- West Bengal.
There are two types of block printing famous in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan, that is, Sanganer and Bagru. These two types of printing blocks are nearly equal, the thing that distinguishes them from each other in the first placethe background color on which they are printed. Bagru prints are made on a black background and red, while Sanganer is running on a white background. In the western part of India, block prints are generally good, but in the eastern part of the prints are bolder and bigger. Lepakshi Ajarakh and prints are also examples of the type of block printing. The unique feature of this printing method is the amount of pressure variations that can be done in the same kind of reasons.
Various hand techniquesBlock Printing
1) discharge printing
First, things to do in the press is colorful. The dye must be removed using a chemical substance on the part of the fabric designs. Then the segments are printed, so they are processed for re-colored.
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2) Block Printing Direct
The fabric used here is either cotton or silk. The cloth is bleached and then dyed with the color desired. Then print the block on the borders made with carvedBlocks and within the limits.
3) Resist Printing
In this technique, the portion of the belt which should not be colored, is covered with the molten resin and clay. Then the fabric is dyed with the color you want at this stage the dye penetrates through the cracks to create the ripple effect of color on canvas. After this, the fabric is printed finally block.
Rich and colorful prints can be created by block printing. In ancient times it was made with natural dyes, but is nowmade with artificial colors and synthetic colors. The colors are generally used for printing saffron, yellow, blue and red. The wooden blocks are used for printing. Are in various shapes and designs carved on the bottom of the block. Teak wood is what they are made on the design of artisans. These blocks are known as "Bunta". Each block consists of a wooden handle and 2-3 holes, which are made in order to free air. The blocks, taken beforeUse in oil for 10-15 days, which kept giving them the necessary suppleness.
How to print the Black Hand
At the beginning of the process of printing blocks, the fabric is first washed and then bleached (if necessary). If the limits are to be executed, then the cloth in the border region are then tied dyed. Subsequently, the material on the printing table is widespread and firmly fixed with small pins on the table.
The process of block printing done from left to right. The block of wood isimmersed in the paint tray and press it hardly applied to the fabric. The point on the block to repeat in sequence to facilitate printing.
Good printing capabilities and training necessary to obtain consistent and clear block print. L ', duration and cost of printing depends on the number of colors used, for example, the color print requires less time and is convenient, while two or more color printing requires more time, hard work and colors. Different pressure can not be executedfrom a single printer, so that two or more printers are required to do (as planned) at work.
In the press block provides color variation is not an easy task. The colors are usually for its speed and power, before testing on the head. Different types of dyes for cotton fabrics are printed as the use indigo, quick and easy color pigment dyes. They prepared once the dyes for printing fast to use only that day. Color pigments are used most of hisMethod is easier to use than other dyes, and after the mixing is not necessary for the pressure, using the same single day, as they can be stored for a time, when they are kept in containers with lids to cover. The color pigment before the application must be mixed in right proportion with kerosene and a binder.
New colors are obtained by combining the primary colors in different proportions. The disadvantages of color pigment that consists of smallThe particles do not dissolve completely after being left as a residue on the fabric. While, indigo dye is fast and completely absorbed by the cloth in brine. Indigo brine to give bright colors like pink and green. After printing, the garment in the sun, the dried dye is fixed to the fabric. Then each layer is made of cloth wrapped in newsprint and steamed in boilers. This method of steam cooking is done for both the silk and cotton. The process of steaming and washing, dryingthe fabric in the sun and finally iron. The whole procedure is the permanent pressure on the head.
Several leaders such as saris, kurtas, shirts, salwar kameez, dupattas, skirts, etc., are made from block printed fabrics. Recently printed in the block exports of clothing have seen a sharp increase as its demand has increased, especially in Western countries because of its durability and distinctive patterns and designs.
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